How to Use Flew or Flown? (Irregular Verb Forms)

Updated August 5, 2025
Originally published December 17, 2022
5 min read
By Yash, D

To fly is the present tense. Flew is the simple past, and flown is the past participle.

How to Use Flew or Flown? (Irregular Verb Forms)

What's the past tense of "fly"?

The simple past tense of fly is flew, and the past participle is flown. Use flew for simple past and flown with auxiliary verbs like "have" or "had".

👍🏼 Usage Note
The birds flew south for the winter.
I have never flown in a helicopter before.

Verb forms of 'fly'

I/you/they fly • He/she/it flies
I/you/they flew • He/she/it flew
I/you/they will fly • He/she/it will fly
I am/you are flying • He/she/it is flying
I was/you were flying • He/she/it was flying
I/you will be flying • He/she/it will be flying
I/you have flown • He/she/it has flown
I/you had flown • He/she/it had flown
I/you will have flown • He/she/it will have flown
I have been flying • He/she/it has been flying
I had been flying • He/she/it had been flying
I will have been flying • He/she/it will have been flying

Similar irregular verbs

The verb to fly is irregular, since neither of its past tense forms end in -ed, as regular verb forms do. Walked, talked, laughed, and played are all examples of regular verb forms in English, since they end in -ed in both their past tense and past participle forms.

Idioms & Phrases with "fly"

to be like a fly in milk
to be conspicuous or obvious
a fly in the ointment
to detract from a positive situation
wouldn't hurt a fly
said of someone harmless/gentle or kind
to fly off the handle
to be uncontrollably angry
you must lose a fly to catch a trout
small sacrifices are sometimes necessary for bigger gains
kill a fly with an elephant gun
to take excessive means to accomplish a relatively small task
fly by the seat of one's pants
to improvise rather than plan
if pigs could fly
meaning that something is impossible to accomplish or achieve
to fly too close to the sun
to take on something extremely ambitious that may lead to one's undoing
run around like a blue-arsed fly
to work quickly while taking on a large number of tasks
a fly on the wall
to be an observer and quiet in a situation
birds of a feather fly/flock
people with similar sentiments and attitudes stick together

Sentence examples: fly, flew, flown

Fly (present tense)

Examples:

• The aircraft is fully functional and fit to fly.

• Birds fly south for the winter.

• The planes fly through the clouds.

Flew (past simple)

Examples:

• She gasped and her hand flew to her mouth.

• The bird flew away.

• He flew to Los Angeles.

Flown (past participle)

Examples:

• A wasp had flown in through the window.

• I've never flown before.

• The year has flown by.

Origin of the word "fly"

From etymology online on fly (v.):

"To soar through air; move through the air with wings," Old English fleogan "to fly, take flight, rise into the air" from Proto-Germanic *fleugan "to fly".

FAQs

What is the past tense of "fly"?
The simple past tense of the verb "fly" is flew. For example, "The planes flew through the clouds." The past participle is "flown".
Is "fly" a regular verb?
No, the verb "fly" is irregular. Regular verbs form their past tense by adding "-ed", but "fly" uses "flew" for the simple past and "flown" for the past participle.
When should I use "flew"?
Use "flew" for the simple past tense of "fly". This describes an action that was completed in the past, like "She gasped and her hand flew to her mouth."
When should I use "flown"?
Use "flown" as the past participle of "fly". It's paired with auxiliary verbs (like have or had), as in "I have flown that airline before" or "A wasp had flown in through the window."
Why is "flown" wrong alone?
"Flown" is the past participle and needs an auxiliary verb (like have, had) to be grammatically correct in a sentence. Using "flown" alone, as in "The pilot flown...", is incorrect.

Sources

  1. Harper, Douglas. "Etymology of fly." Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/fly. Accessed 21 January, 2023.
Loading articles...