How to Use Abstract Nouns (Explained, With Examples)

Abstract nouns name things we cannot physically touch, see, hear, smell, or taste. Ideas, emotions, concepts, qualities, and states of being that exist conceptually, or intangibly, rather than in the physical world.

While concrete nouns like book, car, and tree are physical objects we can perceive with our senses, abstract nouns capture the intangible aspects of the human experience.

Types of abstract nouns

Emotions and feelings

Many abstract nouns express human emotions and internal states. These words capture the complex range of feelings we experience:

Concepts and ideas

Abstract nouns also represent intellectual concepts, philosophical ideas, and abstract principles:

Qualities and characteristics

These abstract nouns describe inherent qualities or traits that define people, objects, or situations:

Forming abstract nouns

Abstract nouns can be created from various word types by adding specific suffixes. Understanding these patterns helps you recognize and form abstract nouns effectively.

Abstract nouns in sentences

Abstract nouns function in sentences just like concrete nouns, but they often require more thoughtful sentence construction. Here are examples showing how abstract nouns work in context:

Abstract vs. concrete nouns

Base Word Type	Common Suffixes	Examples
Adjectives	-ness, -ity, -ty	happiness (happy), beauty (beautiful), responsibility (responsible)
Verbs	-ment, -tion, -sion	achievement (achieve), education (educate), decision (decide)
Nouns	-hood, -ship, -dom	childhood (child), friendship (friend), freedom (free)
Various	-ance, -ence, -cy	importance, intelligence, agency

Understanding the difference between abstract and concrete nouns is crucial for clear communication. For a comprehensive comparison, check out our detailed guide on abstract nouns vs. concrete nouns.

Common mistakes with abstract nouns

Abstract nouns in literature and quotes

Writers often use abstract nouns to convey deep meaning and emotion. Here are some famous examples:

Worksheet: Abstract nouns

Advanced usage: Countable vs. uncountable abstract nouns

While most abstract nouns are uncountable, some can be used in countable contexts when they refer to specific instances or types:

Conclusion

Abstract nouns are essential elements of language that allow us to express complex ideas, emotions, and concepts. They enrich our communication by enabling us to discuss intangible aspects of human experience. Understanding how to identify, form, and use abstract nouns correctly will enhance your writing and speaking abilities.

Remember that abstract nouns typically remain singular and represent concepts rather than physical objects. When in doubt, ask yourself: "Can I physically touch, see, hear, smell, or taste this?" If the answer is no, you're likely dealing with an abstract noun.

Abstract Nouns	Concrete Nouns
Cannot be perceived with senses love, justice, freedom Usually singular	Can be perceived with senses book, car, apple Can be singular or plural

Uncountable (General Concept)	Countable (Specific Instances)
She has great wisdom.	The ancient wisdoms of different cultures.
We need more freedom.	The freedoms guaranteed by the constitution.
I appreciate your honesty.	There are different types of honesties.

For more detailed information about the relationship between abstract and concrete nouns, be sure to read our comprehensive guide on abstract nouns vs. concrete nouns.

FAQs

What makes a noun abstract?

Abstract nouns name things that cannot be perceived through the five senses. They represent ideas, emotions, concepts, qualities, or states of being rather than physical objects.

Can abstract nouns be plural?

Most abstract nouns remain singular because they represent uncountable concepts. However, some can be pluralized when referring to specific instances or types of the concept.

How do I know if a word is an abstract noun?

Ask yourself if you can physically touch, see, hear, smell, or taste what the word represents. If not, and it represents an idea, emotion, or concept, it's likely an abstract noun.

Are all emotions abstract nouns?

Yes, emotions like happiness, sadness, anger, and love are abstract nouns because they represent feelings that cannot be physically perceived.

Can abstract nouns be used with articles?

Abstract nouns typically don't use indefinite articles (a/an) when referring to the general concept, but they can use definite articles (the) in specific contexts.

What's the difference between abstract nouns and concrete nouns?

Concrete nouns name physical things you can perceive with your senses, while abstract nouns name intangible concepts, emotions, and ideas. For a detailed comparison, see our guide on abstract nouns vs. concrete nouns.